1. Old road survey

冷再生技术适用于大部分沥青混凝土旧路大修与改建工程。需要对旧路进行详细的调查，主要包括以下内容

Cold recycling technology is applicable to most asphalt concrete old road overhaul and reconstruction projects. First, a detailed survey of the old road is required, mainly including the following contents

（1）对旧路结构和历年修补改造情况进行调查，了解路面病害情况，包括变形、裂缝、边缘破坏等。

(1) Investigate the old road structure and the repair and reconstruction over the years to understand the pavement diseases, including deformation, cracks, edge damage, etc.

（2）对旧路进行弯沉检测，以分析旧路的破坏状况和承载能力，确定重复利用旧路基层进行冷再生的必要性。

(2) The deflection of the old road is detected to analyze the damage status and bearing capacity of the old road, and determine the necessity of reusing the old road base for cold regeneration.

（3）对旧路结构层进行钻芯取样，以确定旧路结构层的厚度及各层材料的工程特性。

(3) Core drilling and sampling shall be carried out for the old road structure layer to determine the thickness of the old road structure layer and the engineering characteristics of the materials of each layer.

2、材料组成设计

2. Material composition design

通过试验分析，我们认为冷再生层的性能与混合料级配有着显著而密切的关系。如若旧料中4.75mm以上的粒料含量过低(<40%)，则需加入部分级配的新骨料；若旧料中4.75mm>80%)，则会导致细料(特别是<0.6mm 的集料)对空隙的填充不足，混合料强度偏低，则需在冷再生混合料中加入部分级配的细集料，以便形成具有良好级配的骨架密实结构，提高混合料的强度。但这无疑都会提高冷再生结构层的造价，需与新建的结构层进行经济比较以后再实施。

Through experimental analysis, we believe that the performance of cold recycled layer is significantly and closely related to the mixture gradation. If the content of aggregate above 4.75mm in the old material is too low (< 40%), some graded new aggregate shall be added; If 4.75mm > 80%) in the old material will lead to insufficient filling of voids by fine materials (especially aggregates < 0.6mm) and low mixture strength, it is necessary to add partially graded fine aggregates to the cold recycled mixture, so as to form a skeleton dense structure with good gradation and improve the strength of the mixture. However, this will undoubtedly increase the cost of cold regeneration structural layer, which needs to be implemented after economic comparison with the new structural layer.

3、沥青混凝土路面现场冷再生技术的施工工艺

3. Construction technology of on-site cold recycling technology for asphalt concrete pavement

冷再生技术的施工工艺按加水在撒布外掺剂的前后顺序分为先加水施工和后加水施工两种。经过对试验段铺筑效果分析后发现， 先加水施工的冷再生结构层更容易压实成型， 且表面均匀、平整、光滑，压实度容易满足要求。建议在水源充足， 时间允许条件下采用先加水施工工艺。

The construction process of cold regeneration technology is divided into two types: water adding construction first and water adding construction later according to the sequence of water adding before and after the distribution of admixture. After analyzing the paving effect of the test section, it is found that the cold recycled structural layer constructed with water first is easier to compact and form, and the surface is uniform, flat and smooth, and the degree of compaction is easy to meet the requirements. It is suggested to adopt the construction process of adding water first when the water source is sufficient and time permits.

（1）沥青混凝土路面现场冷再生施工前的准备工作

(1) Preparation before cold recycling construction of asphalt concrete pavement on site

( a) 对旧路状况进行调查， 包括3 项内容

(a) investigate the condition of the old road, including three items

进行弯沉检测， 了解现有承载力情况， 计算旧路E0 值；

Carry out deflection detection, understand the existing bearing capacity and calculate the E0 value of the old road;

进行交通量及轴载调查， 计算设计年限内的“累计标准当量轴载次数”，以提出厚度及强度要求；

Investigate the traffic volume and axle load, calculate the "cumulative standard equivalent axle load times" within the design life, and put forward the thickness and strength requirements;

进行钻芯取样， 确定旧路沥青混凝土面层厚度、基层材料性质及厚度等参数， 供冷再生结构层设计之用。

Core drilling sampling shall be carried out to determine the thickness of asphalt concrete surface course, base material properties and thickness of the old road for the design of cold recycled structural layer.

(b) 根据计算的冷再生结构层厚度、旧路沥青混凝土面层厚度及基层材料的性质， 对材料进行土质分析， 以确定外掺剂的种类。

(b) According to the calculated thickness of cold recycled structural layer, the thickness of asphalt concrete surface layer of old road and the properties of base material, the soil quality of the material is analyzed to determine the type of admixture.

( c) 将旧路充分破碎的混合料进行筛分， 以确定其级配是否符合规定的级配要求或级配要求。

(c) screen the fully broken mixture of the old road to determine whether its grading meets the specified or recommended grading requirements.

(d) 通过室内试验确定冷再生材料的级配及外掺剂的剂量。

(d) The gradation of cold recycled materials and the dosage of admixtures are determined through laboratory tests.

( e) 根据冷再生结构层的强度要求， 选择佳的外掺剂及剂量作为铺筑试验段的依据。

(E) select the best admixture and dosage as the basis for paving the test section according to the strength requirements of the cold recycled structural layer.

（2）沥青混凝土路面现场冷再生施工工艺

(2) On site cold recycling construction technology of Asphalt Concrete Pavement

(a) 清洁路面， 保持需要铣刨范围内路面的整洁。

(a) Clean the road surface and keep the road surface clean within the milling range.

(d) 添加剂摊铺， 按大干容量、压实厚度和外掺剂的剂量要求， 计算1 m2 冷再生混合料需要的外掺剂数量。

(d) For additive paving, the quantity of admixture required for 1m2 cold recycled mixture shall be calculated according to the requirements of maximum dry capacity, compaction thickness and dosage of admixture.

(b) 铣刨， 对于铣刨后粒径大于40 mm 的旧路材料需或人工破碎。

(b) For milling, the old road materials with particle size greater than 40 mm after milling shall be removed or broken manually.

(c) 加水， 边铣刨边加水， 调整旧料含水量使其达到佳含水量。

(c) Add water while milling, and adjust the water content of the old material to achieve the best water content.

(e) 拌和， 用再生机边拌和边洒水， 为拌和均匀，可适当增加拌和及洒水遍数。

(e) For mixing, water shall be sprayed while mixing with a regenerator. In order to mix evenly, the mixing and watering times can be appropriately increased.

(f) 初平， 拌和完成后用平地机按路拱横坡初平。

(f) Initial leveling, after mixing, use grader to conduct initial leveling according to the cross slope of road arch.

( g) 排压， 用30 t 以上的压路机先排压一遍， 一去一回为一遍， 重叠1/ 2 轮宽。

(g) for pressure discharge, a roller of more than 30 t shall be used to discharge pressure for one time, one for each time, overlapping 1 / 2 of the wheel width.

( h) 找平， 用平地机按设计高程及横坡进行初平、中平、精平， 直高程、横坡满足设计要求。

(H) for leveling, use a grader to conduct preliminary leveling, intermediate leveling and fine leveling according to the design elevation and cross slope until the elevation and cross slope meet the design requirements.

（i）碾压成型， 对于水泥类稳定粒料从加水到压实完毕不能超过水泥的终凝时间， 有关资料表明， 延迟2 h 可使强度降低10%～25% ， 因此不准间歇或第二天再补压。

(i) For rolling and forming, the final setting time of cement stabilized aggregate from adding water to compaction shall not exceed the final setting time of cement. Relevant data show that delaying 2 h can reduce the strength by 10% ~ 25%. Therefore, it is not allowed to supplement rolling intermittently or the next day.

( j) 养生， 养生质量与冷再生结构层强度的形成有密切关系， 养生不好会导致路面强度的降低。

(J) curing. The curing quality is closely related to the formation of the strength of the cold recycled structural layer. Poor curing will reduce the pavement strength.

冷再生租赁技术可以充分利用旧路资源，对旧路面层及基层进行再生利用形成新的路面基层。是对旧路推除重建的完全否定，既要挖除旧路重做结构层，又要把旧路废料运走堆放。二者相比，前者直接和简洁，经济效益显著。在路面结构设计理念上，废旧沥青的再生利用将会改变过去以刚性材料做基层的设计观点。是沥青路面再生利用养护技术的一次革命。

Cold recycling lease technology can make full use of the old road resources and recycle the old pavement layer and base to form a new pavement base. It is a complete negation of the demolition and reconstruction of the old road. It is necessary to dig out the old road and rebuild the structural layer, and also transport the waste of the old road away and stack. Compared with the two, the former is direct and concise, with significant economic benefits. In the design concept of pavement structure, the recycling of waste asphalt will change the design view of using rigid materials as base course in the past. It is a revolution of asphalt pavement recycling and maintenance technology.

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